The discovery of willow bark
Willow bark (Salicis cortex) has been known as a remedy for thousands of years. The physician Hippocrates mentioned its pain-relieving effect as early as 400 BC in ancient Greece. In the 18th century, the English priest Edward Stone rediscovered its healing powers when he discovered that chewing willow bark relieved fever and pain. This ultimately led to the isolation of the active ingredient salicin by the French chemist Henri Leroux and the Italian chemist Raffaele Piria at the beginning of the 19th century. Salicin formed the basis for aspirin, which was later developed.
Dosage forms and dosage
Willow bark is available in various dosage forms. Traditionally, it is prepared as a tea by brewing around 2-3 grams of dried willow bark with hot water and leaving to infuse for 10-15 minutes. Tablets and capsules with a standardized dosage of 60 to 240 milligrams of salicin per day are also widely used. Another option is tinctures, of which 1-3 milliliters can be taken per day. The exact dosage should always be agreed with a doctor or alternative practitioner in order to achieve optimum results and avoid side effects.
Use for various diseases
Willow bark is mainly used for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. It is used for a variety of conditions:
- Headaches and migraines: the analgesic effect can effectively relieve headaches.
- Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: The anti-inflammatory properties help to relieve pain and inflammation in the joints.
- Back pain: Studies have shown that it can relieve chronic back pain.
- Fever: Its antipyretic properties make it a natural remedy for fever.
- Colds and flu: Thanks to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, it can relieve symptoms such as sore throats and aching limbs.
Mechanism of action in the body
The effect of willow bark is mainly due to the salicin it contains. Salicin is converted into salicylic acid in the body, which has a similar effect to synthetically produced aspirin. Salicylic acid inhibits the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are responsible for the production of prostaglandins that trigger pain and inflammation. By inhibiting these enzymes, the production of prostaglandins is reduced, which leads to relief of pain and inflammation.
When should willow bark be used?
It should be taken for the conditions mentioned above, especially if natural alternatives to synthetic painkillers are preferred. It can also be taken prophylactically to prevent inflammation and pain, especially in people with chronic conditions such as arthritis. It is recommended to take willow bark after meals to avoid possible stomach irritation.
Contraindications and precautions
Certain people are not recommended to take willow bark. These include:
- Pregnant and breastfeeding women: Safety during pregnancy and lactation has not been adequately studied.
- Children under 16 years of age: There is a risk of Reye’s syndrome, a rare but serious condition.
- People who are allergic to salicylates: They should avoid them to prevent allergic reactions.
- People with stomach ulcers or blood clotting disorders: It can worsen symptoms or increase the risk of bleeding.
Food supplements and medicinal plants
To support the healing effect of willow bark, other dietary supplements and medicinal plants can also be taken:
- Devil’s claw: Also promotes the relief of joint pain.
- Ginger: Has anti-inflammatory properties and can alleviate stomach complaints.
- Curcumin (turmeric): Enhances the anti-inflammatory effect.
- Omega-3 fatty acids: Support the reduction of inflammation in the body.
Willow bark in food
It is not found in food itself, but foods containing salicylates can have a similar effect. These include berries (e.g. strawberries, blueberries), grapes, cherries and tomatoes. These foods can support the body’s natural anti-inflammatory properties.
Side effects and overdose
As with any natural remedy, side effects can occur with willow bark. These include:
- Gastrointestinal discomfort: Nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain.
- Allergic reactions: Skin rash, itching or difficulty breathing.
- Bleeding: Increased risk in people with blood clotting disorders.
In case of overdose, severe symptoms such as dizziness, ringing in the ears, kidney failure or gastrointestinal bleeding may occur. It is important not to exceed the recommended dosage and to consult a doctor immediately if there are signs of an overdose.
Willow bark in naturopathy
In naturopathy, willow bark is often used in traditional European medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In TCM it is known as “Bai Liu Pi” and is used to treat fever, pain and inflammation. The combination with other herbs enhances the healing effect and adapts the therapy to the individual needs of the patient.
Summary
Willow bark is a versatile and proven natural remedy with a long history in traditional medicine. It offers a natural alternative to synthetic painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs with a wide range of applications. When used correctly, it can effectively relieve pain and combat inflammation. However, it is important to follow the dosage recommendations and be aware of possible side effects. As with all natural remedies, use should be coordinated with a healthcare professional to achieve the best and safest effect.
