Introduction
Cold urticaria, a form of physical urticaria, is a rare condition in which cold triggers allergic reactions on the skin. Sufferers experience itching, redness and swelling, which can be both annoying and potentially dangerous. In this article you will learn more about the development of cold urticaria, its symptoms, causes and natural treatment options.
What is cold urticaria and how does it develop?
Cold urticaria is caused by an abnormal reaction of the immune system to low temperatures. Mast cells in the skin release increased amounts of histamine, a messenger substance that triggers inflammation and allergic symptoms. This reaction leads to the dilation of blood vessels, the release of fluid into the surrounding tissue and the typical symptoms such as wheals or swelling.
Possible triggers of cold urticaria include
- Direct contact with cold water or cold air
- Consumption of cold food and drinks
- Sudden change in temperature, e.g. when entering a heated room.
Typical symptoms of cold urticaria
The symptoms of cold urticaria can vary greatly and range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions. Common symptoms are
- Redness and itching of the skin when exposed to cold.
- Swelling, especially in areas directly exposed to the cold.
- Respiratory or circulatory problems in the event of severe contact with cold or liquids.
- Systemic reactions such as anaphylactic shock in severe cases.
Causes of cold urticaria
The exact causes of cold urticaria are not fully understood. However, it is assumed that genetic factors, autoimmune processes and environmental influences play a role. Some people develop the condition after viral infections or other illnesses, which could indicate a hypersensitivity of the immune system.
Omalizumab effective in inducible urticaria
An interesting and effective option for the treatment of cold urticaria and other forms of inducible urticaria is the monoclonal antibody omalizumab. This drug, which was originally developed for the treatment of severe allergic asthma, has also proven to be very effective for urticaria in studies.
Mechanism of action of omalizumab
Omalizumab binds to immunoglobulin E (IgE), which plays a key role in allergic reactions. This binding prevents the activation of mast cells and basophils, which are responsible for the release of histamine. As a result, symptoms such as itching, redness and wheals can be significantly reduced.
Studies on effectiveness
A study published in the German Medical Journal confirms the efficacy of omalizumab in patients with chronic inducible urticaria, including cold urticaria. According to the study, 70 to 90 percent of the patients treated experienced a significant improvement in their symptoms. Omalizumab proved to be particularly groundbreaking in patients who did not respond adequately to other therapies.
Areas of application and advantages
- Rapid onset of action: significant relief of symptoms can be observed after just a few weeks.
- Good tolerability: side effects are rare and usually mild.
- Long-term control: With regular use, omalizumab can prevent the occurrence of urticaria symptoms in the long term.
Although omalizumab is an effective medication, its use should be well considered and individually tailored to the patient. It is important to discuss possible side effects and costs with a specialist doctor.
Natural treatment methods for cold urticaria
While drug therapies such as antihistamines can help, there are also a variety of natural approaches to relieve the symptoms of cold urticaria. Natural treatments aim to boost the immune system, reduce inflammation and protect the skin barrier.
1. heat therapy
Regular heat applications such as hot compresses can help to reduce sensitivity to cold.
Sauna sessions or warm baths promote blood circulation and help the body to become more accustomed to temperature fluctuations.
2. natural antihistamines
Some herbal substances act as natural antihistamines and can inhibit the release of histamine. These include:
- Quercetin: an active ingredient from apples, onions and berries that has an anti-inflammatory effect.
- Bromelain, which is extracted from pineapples, has a decongestant effect and strengthens the immune system.
3. medicinal plants that soothe the skin
- Aloe vera: The cooling and anti-inflammatory effect soothes skin irritations.
- Camomile: As a tea or poultice, camomile can relieve itching and redness.
- Calendula: Its healing properties promote skin regeneration.
4. oil treatments
- Coconut oil: nourishes the skin and protects it from moisture loss.
- Jojoba oil: Promotes the elasticity of the skin and strengthens the barrier function.
Diet and nutritional supplements for cold urticaria
A balanced diet and certain dietary supplements can help to control the symptoms of cold urticaria and stabilize the immune system.
1. antioxidant-rich foods
Green leafy vegetables, berries and nuts contain many antioxidants that reduce cell damage.
Omega-3 fatty acids from fish or flaxseed have an anti-inflammatory effect.
2. important dietary supplements
- Vitamin C: strengthens the immune system and reduces the release of histamine.
- Vitamin D: Supports immune function and helps to regulate autoimmune reactions.
- Zinc: Promotes wound healing and reduces inflammation.
3. anti-inflammatory herbs
- Turmeric: The curcuminoids it contains have a strong anti-inflammatory effect.
- Ginger: Relieves itching and improves circulation.
How can cold urticaria be treated with natural remedies?
Treating cold urticaria with natural remedies requires patience and a combination of different approaches. Here are some steps to successfully relieve the symptoms:
Daily skin care:
- Use an oil-rich moisturizer to strengthen the skin barrier.
- Apply protective creams or ointments in cold weather.
Strengthen the immune system:
- Incorporate nutrient-rich foods into your diet.
- Avoid highly processed foods and sugar, as these can promote inflammation.
Individual stimulation therapy:
- Slowly acclimating to cold can reduce the immune system’s overreaction. Start with short exposures to cold and slowly increase the duration.
Stress management:
- Stress can exacerbate the symptoms of cold urticaria. Relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation or breathing exercises help to regulate the immune response.
Conclusion
Cold urticaria can have a significant impact on daily life, but with a combination of natural remedies, targeted nutrition and supplements, the condition can often be well managed. With regular care, a strengthened immune system and natural remedies such as quercetin, turmeric and aloe vera, sufferers can significantly reduce their symptoms and lead an active, healthy life.
Sources and further information:
- Genetic causes and therapeutic approaches for cold urticaria
- S3 guideline on the classification, diagnosis and treatment of urticaria
- New hereditary disease discovered in connection with cold urticaria
- Efficacy of omalizumab in inducible urticaria
- Symptoms and treatment of the so-called cold allergy
- Home remedies for the relief of hives symptoms
- Treatment options for chronic inducible urticaria
